The Role of City Culture in the Formation of the Bashkir National Art of the Pre-Revolutionary Period

Abstract

The article presents some basic information
about the development of city musical culture
in the Orenburg gubernia and in Ufa during
the pre-revolutionary period. The regularity
of the formation of the phenomenon
of the city cultural milieu is traced
by the examples of such components
as concert and theatre practice, in the context
of which the foundations of compositional
and performance professionalism
indispensable for the development of European
genres were perfected. As the result
of an overview of various forms of musicmaking
at home and the concert and theater
practice, the foundations of which had been
installed by the direct bearers of European
culture itself — Polish insurgents banished
to the gubernia in the 18th century — the fact
is substantiated that the Russian-European
academic musical tradition conditioned
the environment due to which national concert
life was established in the early 20th century.
It is proven that the Europeanization in Bashkir
culture began not during the period
of the Soviet cultural development, but
on the wave of Jadidism in the activities
of the new-method madrassahs, which
in the beginning of the previous century
became the main centers for sacred and secular
culture. At the same time, the emergence
of combined Tatar-Bashkir dramatic theatrical
troupes conducive towards the onset
of national theatrical music is the greatest accomplishment of Bashkir music in the prerevolutionary
period, which connected
the pre-revolutionary epoch with the period
of formation of national compositional schools.